铑单晶 45Rh102.905
说明:铑是一种罕见的,有光泽,银白色的硬金属,属于白金族金属。它不受空气和875K水的影响,不溶于酸,溶于熔融碱。被用于催化剂。
铑单晶性能参数
状态: | 单晶 | |
晶体结构: | fcc | |
生产方法: | Floating Zone | |
标准尺寸: | diameter 6-10mm thickness 1-2mm | |
晶向: | (100), (110) and (111) | |
晶向精度: | <2°, <1°, <0.5° or <0.1° | |
纯度: | as cut, one or two sides polished | |
表面粗糙度: | <0.03μm | |
典型分析: | 99.99% | |
典型分析(ppm): | Ag < 0.10 Al 2.00 Au 0.90 C 15.0 Cl 3.00 Co 0.20 Cr 2.50 Cu 0.40 Fe 15.0 H < 1.00 Mg 0.03 Mn 1.00 | Mo 2.00 N < 5.00 Na 0.20 Ni < 1.00 Pt 10.0 O 6.00 Si 10.0 Ti 1.00 Ta 0.30 V 0.20 W 10.0 Zr 2.00 Rh balance |
其他性能参数
晶体结构: | (cell dimensions/pm), space group f.c.c. (a=380.36), Fm3m |
X射线衍射质量吸收系数: | CuKa 194 (μ/r) / cm2g-1 MoKa 22.6 (μ/r) / cm2g-1 |
中子散射距离: | 0.588 b/10-12 cm |
热中子捕获横截面: | 144.8 sa / barns |
密度: | 12.4 g/cm3 |
熔点: | 1965.85 °C / 2239 °K |
沸点: | 3726.85 °C / 4000 °K |
摩尔体积: | 8.29 cm3 |
导热系数: | 150 [300 K] Wm-1K-1 |
热膨胀线系数: | 8.40 x 10-6 K-1 |
电阻系数: | 4.51x10-8 [293 K] Wm |
聚磁敏感性: | +1.36 x 10-8(s) kg-1m3 |
杨氏模量: | 379 GPa |
刚性模量: | 147 GPa |
体积模量: | 276 GPa |
泊松比: | 0.26 GPa |
半径: | Rh4+ 67; Rh3+ 75; Rh2+ 86; atomic 134; covalent 125 |
负电性: | 2.28 (Pauling); 1.45 (Allred); 4.30 eV (absolute) |
有效核电荷: | 3.90 (Slater); 7.64 (Clementi); 10.85 (Froese-Fischer) |
同位素: | 34 |
同位素质量范围: | 94m -> 112 |
生物资料
生物类别: | none |
毒性 | |
毒性摄取量: | most rhodium compounds are slightly toxic by ingestion. |
致命摄取量: | LD50 (RhCl3, ortal, rat)= 12.6 mg kg-1 |
危险性: | There are few reported cases of humans being affected by rhodium, but it is an experimental carcinogen. |
人体等级 | |
器官: | n.a.n but very low |
每日食物摄取量: | n.a. |
70kg成人平均总元素含量: | n.a. |
地质资料
矿物: | Rhodium occurs as rare deposits of the native metal and even rarer minerals. | |||
矿物化学式 | 公式 | 密度 | 硬度 | 晶体外观 |
Rhodium | Rh | c. 12 | 3.5 | cub., met. white |
Rhodplumsite | Ph3Pb2S2 | 9.74 | n.a. | rhom., met. cream-pink/grey-blue |
主要矿石: | native rhodium is found in Montana, USA; certain copper and nickel ores contain up to 0.1% rhodium and these are the main source of the element. |
世界产量: | 3 tonnes/year |
主要矿区: | see copper and nickel |
储量: | n.a. |
样品: | available as foil, sponge or wire. Safe. |
总含量 | |
太阳: | 25.1 (relative to H = 1 x 1012) |
地壳: | 2 x 10-4 p.p.m. |
海水: | n.a., but minute |