碲单晶 52Te127.60
说明:大量的碲是银白色,具有金属外观。但通常得到的是灰色粉末。它是一种半金属。碲可在空气或者氧气中燃烧。不溶于水或盐酸,但溶于硝酸。被用于合金可改善加工性能,还可用于电子和催化剂。
碲单晶性能参数
状态: | 单晶 | |
晶体结构: | Hexagonal | |
生产方法: | Czochralski | |
标准尺寸: | diameter 10mm thickness 1-2mm | |
晶向: | (0001), (1100) and (11-20) | |
晶向精度: | <2°, <1°, <0.5° or <0.25° | |
纯度: | as cut, one or two sides polished | |
表面粗糙度: | <0.03μm | |
典型分析: | 99.999% | |
典型分析(ppm): | Ag < 0.010 Al < 0.030 B < 0.010 Bi < 0.005 Co < 0.005 Cr < 0.005 Cu < 0.015 Fe < 0.030 In < 0.010 Mg < 0.010 | Mn < 0.005 Na < 0.050 Ni < 0.010 Pb < 0.015 S < 0.030 Si < 0.050 Sn < 0.020 Ti < 0.005 Tl < 0.005 Zn < 0.030 Te balance |
其他性能参数
晶体结构: | (cell dimensions/pm), space group hexagonal (a=445.65, c=592.68), P3121 or P3221 High pressure forms: (a=420.8, c=1203.6), R3m; (a=460.3, c=382.2), R3m |
X射线衍射质量吸收系数: | CuKa 282 (μ/r) / cm2g-1 MoKa 35.0 (μ/r) / cm2g-1 |
中子散射距离: | 0.580 b/10-12 cm |
热中子捕获横截面: | 4.7 sa / barns |
密度: | 6.24 g/cm3 |
熔点: | 449.55 °C / 722.7 °K |
沸点: | 989.85 °C / 1263.0 °K |
摩尔体积: | 20.45 cm3 |
导热系数: | 2.35 [300 K] Wm-1K-1 |
热膨胀线系数: | 16.75 x 10-6 K-1 |
电阻系数: | 4.36x10-3 [298 K] Wm |
聚磁敏感性: | -3.9 x 10-9(s) kg-1m3 |
杨氏模量: | 47.1 GPa |
刚性模量: | 16.7 GPa |
体积模量: | n.a. GPa |
泊松比: | 0.16 - 0.3 GPa |
半径: | Te3+ 56; Te4+ 97; Te2- 211; atomic 143; covalent 137; van der Waals 220 |
负电性: | 2.1 (Pauling); 2.01 (Allred); 5.49 eV (absolute) |
有效核电荷: | 6.95 (Slater); 10.81 (Clementi); 13.51 (Froese-Fischer) |
同位素: | 39 |
同位素质量范围: | 108 -> 137 |
生物资料
生物类别: | none |
毒性 | |
毒性摄取量: | Elemental tellurium has low toxicity but unpleasant side effects, producing extremely unpleasant breath and body odour. |
致命摄取量: | 2 g of sodium tellurite has proved fatal to a human. LD50 (Te metal, oral, rat)= 83 mg kg-1 |
危险性: | Tellurium compounds are toxic by ingestion and intravenous routes. They are also considered to be experimental tetratogens. |
人体等级 | |
血液: | 0.0055 mg dm-3 |
骨骼: | n.a. |
肝脏: | 0.014 p.p.m. |
肌肉: | 0.017 p.p.m. |
每日食物摄取量: | c. 0.6 mg |
70kg成人平均总元素含量: | c. 0.7 mg |
地质资料
矿物: | Many minerals are known, and aluminium is present in many other minerals | |||
矿物化学式 | 公式 | 密度 | 硬度 | 晶体外观 |
Sylvanite | AgAuTe4 | 8.16 | 1.5 - 2 | mon., met. grey |
Tellurite | TeO2 | 5.90 | 2 | orth., sub-adamantine white |
主要矿石: | none mined as such. Tellurium is obtained from the anode slime of copper refining. |
世界产量: | 215 tonnes/year |
主要矿区: | Sylvanite in Australia, USA and Romania |
储量: | n.a. |
样品: | available as granules, ingots, pieces or powder. DANGER ! |
总含量 | |
太阳: | n.a. |
地壳: | c. 0.005 p.p.m. |
海水: | |
大西洋表面: | 1.6 x 10-7 p.p.m. |
大西洋深处: | 1.9 x 10-7 p.p.m. |
太平洋表面: | 1.9 x 10-7 p.p.m. |
太平洋深处: | 1.7 x 10-7 p.p.m. |
停留时间: | n.a. |
类别: | scavenged |
氧化态: | IV and VI; mainly VI |